Search | Engineering

订阅投稿

首页工程期刊工程焦点工程成就工程前沿关于我们 English

资源类型

期刊论文 20

年份

2023 1

2022 1

2021 2

2020 2

2019 1

2017 1

2015 1

2012 4

2010 2

2006 1

2004 1

2000 3

展开︾

关键词

FY-1卫星 1

FY-3卫星 1

三维 1

不确定性评估 1

业务工程体系 1

京津冀 1

亮温 1

人类活动 1

卫星应用 1

发展 1

地面系统 1

多光谱 1

多尺度/分块逐批资料同化 1

多模型 1

多输入多输出；空时块编码；最大似然；自动调制识别；迫零均衡 1

大气探测 1

定量遥感 1

工程 1

工程设计与建设 1

展开︾

检索范围：

排序：展示方式：

The effect of texture and irrigation on the soil moisture vertical-temporal variability in an urban artificial landscape: a case study of Olympic Forest Park in Beijing

Xiaofeng ZHANG,Xu ZHANG,Guanghe LI

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第9卷第2期页码 269-278 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0672-y

摘要： Soil moisture variability in natural landscapes has been widely studied; however, less attention has been paid to its variability in the urban landscapes with respect to the possible influence of texture stratification and irrigation management. Therefore, a case study was carried out in the Beijing Olympic Forest Park to continuously monitor the soil in three typical profiles from 26 April to 11 November 2010. The texture stratification significantly affected the vertical distribution of moisture in the non-irrigated profile where moisture was mostly below field capacity. In the profile where irrigation was sufficient to maintain moisture above field capacity, gravity flow led to increased moisture with depth and thus eliminated the influence of texture. In the non-irrigated sites, the upper layer (above 80 cm) exhibited long-term moisture persistence with the time scale approximating the average rainfall interval. However, a coarse-textured layer weakened the influence of rainfall, and a fine-textured layer weakened the influence of evapotranspiration, both of which resulted in random noise-like moisture series in the deeper layers. At the irrigated site, frequent irrigation neutralized the influence of evapotranspiration in the upper layer (above 60 cm) and overshadowed the influence of rainfall in the deeper layer. As a result, the moisture level in the upper layer also behaved as a random noise-like series; whereas due to deep transpiration, the moisture of the deep layer had a persistence time-scale longer than a month, consistent with characteristic time-scales found for deep transpiration.

关键词： moisture vertical distribution moisture temporal variation texture stratification irrigation meteorological forcing urban landscape

HTML PDF 收藏

Impact of anthropogenic heat emissions on meteorological parameters and air quality in Beijing using

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1478-3

摘要：

The Large scale Urban Consumption of energ Y model was updated and coupled with WRF.

关键词： Anthropogenic heat emissions LUCY High-resolution Meteorological parameters Air quality

HTML PDF 收藏

风能资源开发利用的气象技术应用和发展

宋丽莉,周荣卫,杨振斌,朱蓉

《中国工程科学》 2012年第14卷第9期页码 96-101

摘要：

基于要实现科学高效地开发利用风能资源，促进我国从风能大国向风能强国发展，针对风能资源开发利用过程中的气象技术应用，依据过去大量的项目实践、数据分析和相关测试试验结果，归纳总结了气象技术在我国风能资源开发利用各环节的应用现状、存在问题及其对项目效益可能产生的影响；在分析大气科学的相关原理和风电产业发展对气象技术应用的特殊需求基础上，提出了风能资源测量、分析评估、数值模拟和数值预报技术应用时应注意的几个关键技术问题及其发展方向。

关键词：风能资源气象技术测量和评估模拟和预报

HTML PDF 收藏

Impacts of emissions and meteorological changes on China’s ozone pollution in the warm seasons of 2013

Dian Ding, Jia Xing, Shuxiao Wang, Xing Chang, Jiming Hao

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第13卷第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1160-1

摘要： O3 increment is mainly caused by changes in meteorology rather than emissions. Emission reduction is effective to reduce O3 nationwide, especially in summer. Strengthened NOx controls are necessary to meet the ambient O3 standard. We have quantified the impacts of anthropogenic emissions reductions caused by the Air Pollution Control Action Plan and changes in meteorological fields between 2013 and 2017 on the warm-season O3 concentration in China using a regional 3D chemical transport model. We found that the impact on daily maximum eight-hour (MDA8) O3 concentration by the meteorological variation that mostly increased O3 was greater than that from emission reduction, which decreased O3. Specifically, the control measures implemented since 2013 in China have reduced SO2, NOx, PM2.5, and VOC emissions by 33%, 25%, 30%, and 4% in 2017, while NH3 emissions have increased by 7%. The changes in anthropogenic emissions lowered MDA8 O3 by 0.4–3.7 ppb (0.8%–7.6%, varying by region and month), although MDA8 O3 was increased slightly in some urban areas (i.e. North China) at the beginning/end of warm seasons. Relative to 2013, the average 2 m temperature in 2017 shows increments in North, North-east, East, and South China (0.34℃–0.83℃) and decreases in Central China (0.24℃). The average solar radiation shows increments in North, North-east, and South China (7.0–9.7 w/m2) and decreases in Central, South-west, and North-west China (4.7–10.3 w/m2). The meteorological differences significantly change MDA8 O3 by -3.5–8.5 ppb (-8.2%–18.8%) with large temporal variations. The average MDA8 O3 was slightly increased in North, North-east, East, and South China. The response surface model suggests that the O3 formation regime transfers from NOx-saturated in April to NOx-limited in July on average in China.

关键词： O₃ pollution Meteorological influences Emission reduction NO_x VOC

HTML PDF 收藏

PM2.5 over North China based on MODIS AOD and effect of meteorological elements during 2003‒2015

Youfang Chen, Yimin Zhou, Xinyi Zhao

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第14卷第2期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1202-8

摘要： The Taihang Mountains was the boundary between high and low pollution areas. There were one high value center for PM2.5 pollution and two low value centers. In 2004, 2009 and after 2013, PM2.5 concentration was relatively low. Over the past 40 years, PM2.5 pollution in North China has become increasingly serious and progressively exposes the densely populated areas to pollutants. However, due to limited ground data, it is challenging to estimate accurate PM2.5 exposure levels, further making it unfavorable for the prediction and prevention of PM2.5 pollutions. This paper therefore uses the mixed effect model to estimate daily PM2.5 concentrations of North China between 2003 and 2015 with ground observation data and MODIS AOD satellite data. The tempo-spatial characteristics of PM2.5 and the influence of meteorological elements on PM2.5 is discussed with EOF and canonical correlation analysis respectively. Results show that overall R2 is 0.36 and the root mean squared predicted error was 30.1 μg/m3 for the model prediction. Our time series analysis showed that, the Taihang Mountains acted as a boundary between the high and low pollution areas in North China; while the northern part of Henan Province, the southern part of Hebei Province and the western part of Shandong Province were the most polluted areas. Although, in 2004, 2009 and dates after 2013, PM2.5 concentrations were relatively low. Meteorological/topography conditions, that include high surface humidity of area in the range of 34°‒40°N and 119°‒124°E, relatively low boundary layer heights, and southerly and easterly winds from the east and north area were common factors attributed to haze in the most polluted area. Overall, the spatial distribution of increasingly concentrated PM2.5 pollution in North China are consistent with the local emission level, unfavorable meteorological conditions and topographic changes.

关键词： Aerosol optical depth PM_2.5 MODIS Mixed effect model Canonical correlation analysis

HTML PDF 收藏

中国的极轨气象卫星

孟执中

《中国工程科学》 2004年第6卷第10期页码 1-5

摘要：

气象卫星是具有巨大经济和社会效益的应用卫星，中国的极轨气象卫星经历了从试验阶段到业务应用阶段的发展历程。文章简要介绍了“风云一号”（FY-1）极轨气象卫星的发展概况和技术性能，星载十通道扫描辐射计和长寿命、高可靠极轨卫星平台取得的成功；重点介绍了中国新一代的极轨气象卫星“风云三号”（FY-3）的总体概况，归纳了卫星的技术特点。

关键词：极轨气象卫星 FY-1卫星 FY-3卫星

HTML PDF 收藏

中国气象预报业务工程体系建设和发展

颜宏,李泽椿,马清云,田翠英

《中国工程科学》 2000年第2卷第11期页码 88-93

摘要：

文章介绍中国气象预报业务工程体系的建设和发展过程、现代气象预报业务所包含的子系统及其相关技术以及21世纪气象预报业务建设的技术发展趋势和展望。

关键词：气象预报业务工程体系发展

HTML PDF 收藏

海洋气象观测系统在热带气旋资料同化中的应用

万齐林,何金海

《中国工程科学》 2012年第14卷第10期页码 33-42

摘要：

在分析南海海洋气象观测现状和发展规划的基础上，发现有必要发展合适的资料同化技术，提高资料利用效率，才能克服海洋气象资料相对缺乏来提升数值预报水平。利用多尺度/分块逐批资料同化技术，进行热带气旋资料同化试验。结果表明：多尺度/分块逐批资料同化技术能够适应具有多尺度特征的热带气旋资料同化，较好地满足热带气旋资料同化对流依赖背景误差协方差同化技术的要求，能够较合理高效地利用海洋气象观测资料。基于多尺度/分块逐批资料同化技术，加强海洋气象观测系统的应用，是形成高质量热带气旋初值环流的一种有效途径。

关键词：海洋气象观测资料利用效率多尺度/分块逐批资料同化热带气旋初值环流

HTML PDF 收藏

风云气象卫星的地面应用系统

许健民,钮寅生,董超华,张文健,杨军

《中国工程科学》 2006年第8卷第11期页码 13-18

摘要：

我国从20世纪70年代开始实施自己的气象卫星计划，经过30多年的工作，已经建立起风云1号极轨和风云2号静止两个系列的气象卫星。地面应用系统是风云气象卫星大系统中的一个重要组成部分。文章就地面应用系统的规划工作、关键技术问题的解决以及业务运行成功率的提高等三个方面做了回顾；风云气象卫星已成为我国现代化气象业务系统中不可或缺的重要组成部分，并被世界气象组织正式列为世界天气监视网全球观测系统的一个组成部分；从气象卫星获取的大气和地表信息，已被广泛应用于天气预报、气候预测、环境和自然灾害监测、农业等多个国民经济领域；讨论了风云气象卫星地面应用系统成功的经验。

关键词：风云气象卫星地面系统卫星应用

HTML PDF 收藏

Challenge of global climate change: Prospects for a new energy paradigm

Michael B. MCELROY

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2010年第4卷第1期页码 2-11 doi: 10.1007/s11783-010-0005-8

摘要： Perspectives on the challenge posed by potential future climate change are presented including a discussion of prospects for carbon capture followed either by sequestration or reuse including opportunities for alternatives to the use of oil in the transportation sector. The potential for wind energy as an alternative to fossil fuel energy as a source of electricity is outlined including the related opportunities for cost effective curtailment of future growth in emissions of CO.

关键词： climate change carbon capture wind ethanol CO₂ radiative forcing

HTML PDF 收藏

气象水文集合预报的多源不确定性影响评估研究 Article

舒章康, 张建云, 汪琳, 金君良, 崔宁博, 王国庆, 孙周亮, 刘艳丽, 鲍振鑫, 刘翠善

《工程（英文）》 2023年第24卷第5期页码 213-229 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.06.007

摘要：

评估复杂水文预报的来源不确定性对于深刻理解和改进水文预报精度至关重要，以往研究较少关注多源不确定性对气象水文预报复杂过程的影响。本研究提出了一种通用的基于贝叶斯模型平均（BMA）的集合框架，用于评估多源不确定性对气象水文预报全过程的影响。采用TIGGE中心的八种数值天气预报产品，四种完全不同结构的水文模型和1000组参数分别考虑来自输入、结构和参数的不确定性。在中国金溪池潭流域的实际应用表明：气象水文预报中数值预报输入的不确定性比水文模型的不确定性更大，水文模型结构的不确定性则明显大于模型参数的不确定性。洪峰流量预报的精度与数值天气预报的精度紧密相关，水文模型结构和参数及其交互作用则是枯水期流量预报的主要不确定性来源。当同时考虑三种不确定性来源时，径流过程预报精度更高。通过考虑复杂预报过程的主要不确定性源，基于BMA集合预报的预测精度更高，并可降低其他因素带来的不确定性。本文提出的多源不确定性评估框架可以较好地提升对气象水文预报过程的理解，在提高复杂水文预报精度方面具有广阔的应用前景。

关键词：气象水文预报不确定性评估贝叶斯模型平均集合预报多模型

HTML PDF 收藏

气象通信网络和计算机系统工程

李黄,王春虎

《中国工程科学》 2000年第2卷第9期页码 101-106

摘要：

气象通信网络和计算机系统作为我国气象事业的信息基础设施，经过近30年的建设和发展，在网络化和计算机应用方面已经取得长足的进步。面向21世纪，中国气象事业在现有基础上将有较大的飞跃和发展，气象信息基础设施将随着国家信息化的发展进程而得到进一步的巩固和发展。文章通过对气象通信网络和计算机系统的发展介绍，来说明气象部门的现代化系统工程建设及其工程化应用状况。

关键词：通信网络计算机系统工程

HTML PDF 收藏

人类活动对京津冀地区冬季霾相关气象条件的影响 Article

徐影, 柳艳菊, 韩振宇, 周波涛, 丁一汇, 吴婕, 田童绯, 李柔珂, 汪靖

《工程（英文）》 2021年第7卷第8期页码 1185-1192 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.03.015

摘要：

本文利用20世纪气候检测归因计划的CAM5.1-1degree模式，综合考虑人类活动和自然强迫（All-Hist）以及单独考虑自然强迫（Nat-Hist）的两种数值模拟试验结果，对1961—2016年期间人类活动影响京津冀地区冬季霾事件相关气象条件的物理过程进行了分析和讨论。结果表明，考虑人类活动影响后，与京津冀冬季霾事件相关的动力和热力气象条件的变化均不利于污染物的扩散，进而有利于霾的形成和累积，其中动力条件主要包括东亚冬季风显著减弱、低层异常南风增强，热力条件包括地面气温明显升高、水汽输送增强和近地面地表逆温增强等。同时，也利用统计方法进一步分析了两种试验中动力和热力气象条件对京津冀霾日数变化的相对贡献，结果表明：人类活动对京津冀冬季霾日增多的贡献大于自然强迫，其中动力气象因子对霾日产生的贡献更大，热力因子的贡献在两种情景下基本相同。

关键词：气象条件人类活动霾京津冀

HTML PDF 收藏

大气探测系统设计和工程建设

郑国光

《中国工程科学》 2000年第2卷第6期页码 21-26

摘要：

文章分析了我国大气探测业务现状和大气探测技术发展趋势，阐述了我国大气探测系统设计和工程建设的基本思路和目标，介绍了即将开始建设的国家大中型建设项目——大气监测自动化系统的总体结构和建设的主要内容。文章也是对大气科学的工程化建设一文^[1]的进一步阐述。

关键词：大气探测监测自动化工程设计与建设

HTML PDF 收藏

气候变暖背景下的极端天气气候事件与防灾减灾

翟盘茂,刘静

《中国工程科学》 2012年第14卷第9期页码 55-63

摘要：

首先概括极端天气气候事件以及“气候极值”的相关定义，并把极端事件分为单要素的极端事件、与天气现象有关的极端事件、多要素极端事件和极端气候事件。在此基础上，总结上述几类极端事件在气候变暖背景下的变化趋势及影响。指出气候变暖背景下我国长江中下游区域强降水事件更趋频繁，我国东部地区高温热浪天气更为明显；东北华北地区干旱趋势增加，尤其在20世纪末期和21世纪初期最为明显；近10年来西南地区干旱频繁发生。为减轻日益增加的重大气象灾害的损失，我国有必要加强高影响极端事件的监测、预警能力建设，同时还必须根据极端天气气候事件变化规律加强工程性防御措施，以防范和应对强降水引发的洪涝灾害和城市渍涝，以及与降水持续不足有关的重大干旱和高温热浪等气象灾害。

关键词：极端气候指数高影响气象灾害工程

HTML PDF 收藏

标题作者时间类型操作

The effect of texture and irrigation on the soil moisture vertical-temporal variability in an urban artificial landscape: a case study of Olympic Forest Park in Beijing

Xiaofeng ZHANG,Xu ZHANG,Guanghe LI

期刊论文

Impact of anthropogenic heat emissions on meteorological parameters and air quality in Beijing using

期刊论文

风能资源开发利用的气象技术应用和发展

宋丽莉,周荣卫,杨振斌,朱蓉

期刊论文

Impacts of emissions and meteorological changes on China’s ozone pollution in the warm seasons of 2013

Dian Ding, Jia Xing, Shuxiao Wang, Xing Chang, Jiming Hao

期刊论文

PM2.5 over North China based on MODIS AOD and effect of meteorological elements during 2003‒2015

Youfang Chen, Yimin Zhou, Xinyi Zhao